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Middle Persian is the Middle Iranian language/ethnolect of southwestern Iran that during Sassanid times (224–654 CE) became a prestige dialect and so came to be spoken in other regions of the empire as well. Middle Persian is classified as a Western Iranian language. It descends from Old Persian and is the linguistic ancestor of Modern Persian. The native name for Middle Persian (and perhaps for Old Persian also) was ', "(language) of Pārs". The word is consequently (the origin of) the native name for the Modern Persian language—''Parsi or Fārsī''. Middle Persian is primarily attested in the post-Sassanian Zoroastrian variant of the language known as Pahlavi, which originally referred to the Pahlavi writing system,〔〔See also (Omniglot.com's page on Middle Persian scripts )〕 and that was also the preferred writing system for several other Middle Iranian languages. Aside from the Aramaic-derived Pahlavi script,〔''Literacy in the Persianate World: Writing and the Social Order'', ed. Brian Spooner, William L. Hanaway, (University of Pennsylvania Press, 2012), 14.〕 Zoroastrian Middle Persian was occasionally also written in ''Parsik'', which uses the Arabic abjad, and in Pazend, a system derived from Avestan that, unlike Pahlavi, indicated vowels and did not employ Aramaic logograms. Manichaean Middle Persian texts were written in Manichaean script, which also derives from Aramaic but in an Eastern Iranian form via Sogdian. The ISO 639 language code for Middle Persian is ==Transition from Old Persian== In the classification of the Iranian languages, the Middle Period includes those languages which were common in Iran from the fall of the Achaemenids in the 4th century BCE up to the fall of the Sassanids in the 7th century CE. The most important and distinct development in the structure of Iranian languages of this period is the transformation from the synthetic form of the Old Period (Old Persian and Avestan) to an analytic form: * nouns, pronouns, and adjectives lost their case inflections * prepositions were used to indicate the different roles of words. * many tenses began to be formed from a composite form 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Middle Persian」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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